String quintet
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Typical layout
Cello quintet
Viola quintet
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Edvard Grieg with a string quintet in Paris (1903)
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An unusual string quintet (De Zagerij Pro) consisting of four cellos and a double bass, Hof, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2019
A string quintet is a musical composition for five string players. As an extension to the string quartet (two violins, a viola, and a cello), a string quintet includes a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola (a so-called "viola quintet") or a second cello (a "cello quintet"), or occasionally a double bass.
Notable examples of classic "viola quintets", in four movement form include those of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Other examples were written by composers including Johannes Brahms and Felix Mendelssohn.
A famous "cello quintet" is Franz Schubert's Quintet in C major. Antonín Dvořák's Quintet Op. 77 uses a double bass, and Mozart's famous Eine kleine Nachtmusik may be performed with this instrumentation (the double bass being optional).
Alternative additions include clarinet or piano (see clarinet quintet, piano quintet); and other closely related chamber music genres include the string quartet (much more common), the string trio, and the string sextet. A more unusual form of string quintet is the violin quintet composed of 3 violins, a viola and a cello (thus a string quartet with an additional violin).
The term string quintet may refer to a group of five players that performs such works. The ensemble was standard in 17th century Italy and can be seen as early as 1607 in Claudio Monteverdi's opera, L'Orfeo.[1]
List of viola quintets[edit]
Sheet music for a string quintet in E by Luigi Boccherini
- Arnold Bax – Quintet (1933)[2]
- Frank Bridge – Quintet in E minor (H15, 1901)
- Ludwig van Beethoven – Quintet, Op. 29, sometimes called the Storm Quintet; a Fugue in D major for viola quintet, Op. 137; an arrangement of his Octet for Viola Quintet, Op. 4 (the original Octet was later published as Op.103); an arrangement of his Piano Trio Op. 1 No. 3 for Viola Quintet, Op. 104
- Luigi Boccherini – twelve original Quintets, arrangements of all twelve of his Piano Quintets (Op.56 and Op.57) for Viola Quintet.
- Johannes Brahms – two Quintets, Op. 88 and Op. 111; the Clarinet Quintet Op. 115 may be performed with a viola substituting for the clarinet[citation needed]
- Max Bruch – Quintet in A minor
- Anton Bruckner – String Quintet in F major (1879); Intermezzo in D minor (substitute for the scherzo)
- Carson Cooman – Quintet (Unquiet Parables, 2009): ([7]
- Brett Dean – Epitaph for string quintet (2010)
- Antonín Dvořák – two Quintets, Op.1 in A minor and Op. 97 in E♭ (the American Quintet)
- Victor Ewald – a Quintet Op. 4 in A major[3]
- Eduard Franck – two Quintets, Op. 15 in E minor and Op. 51 in C Major
- Friedrich Gernsheim – Quintet Op. 9 in D
- Roy Harris – Quintet (1940)
- Heinrich von Herzogenberg – Quintet in C minor, Op.77 (1892)
- Klaus Huber – Ecce homines (1998)
- Heinrich Kaminski – Quintet in F♯ minor (two versions, first 1916)[4]
- Franz Krommer – fifteen String Quintets
- Bohuslav Martinů – Quintet (1927)
- Felix Mendelssohn – two Quintets: No. 1 in A major, Op. 18 (1826, revised 1832) and No. 2 in B-flat major, Op.87 (1845)
- Ernst Mielck – Quintet in F major (1897)
- Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 325
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – six Quintets: K174, K406/516b, K515, K516, K593, K614
- Carl Nielsen – Quintet in G major (1888)
- George Onslow – five out of his thirty-four Quintets are with two violas; four are with double bass and the rest with two cellos (see below)[5]
- Hubert Parry – Quintet in E flat (1909[6])
- George Perle – Quintet (1958)
- Josef Rheinberger – Quintet in A minor, Op. 82 (1874)[7] (Carus-Verlag)
- Ferdinand Ries – Seven Quintets, Op. 37 in C, Op. 68 in D minor, Op. 167 in A minor, Op. 171 in G, Op. 183 in E-flat, and two published without opus in A major and F minor (published in a series "Samtliche Streichquintette" edited by Jürgen Schmidt between 2003-5 for Accolade Musikverlag.)
- Franz Schubert – "Quintet-Overture" for Quintet, D 8
- Roger Sessions – Quintet (1958)
- Robert Simpson – Quintet (1987)
- Louis Spohr – seven Quintets
- Charles Villiers Stanford – Two Quintets, Op. 85 & Op.86 [8]
- Johan Svendsen – Quintet in C, Op. 5[9] (1868)
- Sergei Taneyev – Quintet in C, Op. 16
- Ralph Vaughan Williams – Quintet (the Phantasy Quintet – 1912) and Nocturne and Scherzo (1904-1906)
- Felix Weingartner – Quintet, his Op. 40
- Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari - Quintet in C, Op. 24 (1939)
- John Woolrich – The Death of King Renaud (1991)
- Alexander von Zemlinsky – Quintet (1894–1896): 2 movements are lost
List of cello quintets[edit]
- Arnold Bax – Quintet in G major (1908), whose second movement was rescored by the composer for Viola Quintet and published as the Lyrical Interlude (1923);
- Wilhelm Berger – Quintet in E minor, Op. 75 (1911)[10]
- Luigi Boccherini – one hundred ten Quintets. The third movement Minuet of the Cello Quintet Op.11 No.5 is extremely well known.
- Alexander Borodin – Quintet in F minor
- Luigi Cherubini – Quintet in E minor (1837)
- Felix Otto Dessoff – Quintet, Op. 10
- Friedrich Dotzauer – Quintet in D minor, Op. 134 (1835)
- Felix Draeseke – Quintet in F, Op. 77 (1901)
- Friedrich Gernsheim – Quintet Op. 89 in E♭
- Alexander Glazunov – Quintet in A, Op. 39
- Karl Goldmark – Quintet in A minor, Op. 9 (1862)
- Theodore Gouvy – Quintet in G, op 55 is on IMSLP
- August Klughardt – Quintet in G minor, Op. 62 (1902)[10]
- Frank Martin – Pavane couleur du temps (Colour of weather Pavane), 1920, 7', For quintet.[11]
- Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 350
- George Onslow – twenty-five of his thirty-four string quintets are Cello Quintets; five are with two violas and four are with double bass[5]
- Einojuhani Rautavaara – Quintet "Les Cieux Inconnues" (Unknown Heavens, 1997)
- Ottorino Respighi – Quintet in G minor (1901, incomplete)
- Wolfgang Rihm – Epilog (2013)
- George Rochberg – Quintet for Two Violins, Viola and Two Cellos (1982)
- Franz Schubert – Cello Quintet, Op. post. 163, D 956
- Peter Seabourne – Quintet for Two Violins, Viola and Two Cellos (2012)
- Robert Simpson – Quintet (1995)
- Ethel Smyth – Quintet in E major, Op. 1
- Sergei Taneyev – Quintet in G, Op. 14
- Ferdinand Thieriot – several Quintets.[12]
- Carl Vine – String Quintet (2009)
String quintets for 3 violins, viola and cello[edit]
- Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, String Quintet (1798)
- Franz Clement, Introduction and Polonaise in E major (Polonaise für die Violine mit Begleitung von 2 Violinen, Viola und Violonzello)
- Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst, Polonaise, Op.17
- Morton Feldman, Violin and String Quartet (1985)
- Charles Martin Loeffler – one Violin Quintet (three violins, viola and cello)
- Joseph Mayseder, Polonaise No.1, Op.10; Polonaise No.3, Op.12
- Alessandro Rolla, Divertimento for Violin and String Quartet, BI 429
- Franz Schubert, Rondo in A major for Violin and Strings, D 438
- Louis Spohr, Potpourri No.2 in B♭ major (Potpourri on themes by Mozart for violin and string quartet (with bass ad libitum))
List of double bass quintets[edit]
- Leslie Bassett – Quintet (1957)[13]
- Luigi Boccherini – three Quintets.
- Antonín Dvořák – Quintet Op. 77 in G (1875)
- Brian Ferneyhough – Christus Resurgens (2017)
- Alistair Hinton – String Quintet (1969–77)
- Vagn Holmboe – Quintet, Op. 165/M.326 (1986)
- Darius Milhaud – Quintet Op. 316
- George Onslow – four out of his thirty-four String Quintets are with double bass; five with two violas and the rest with two cellos[5]
- Robert Paterson – I See You (2015) (for string quintet with double bass and recording)
String quintets for other combinations[edit]
- Felix Draeseke – one Quintet in A for Two Violins, Viola, Violotta, and Cello (the Stelzner-Quintett; 1897) ; one Cello Quintet in F, Op. 77 (1901)
Works making use of a string quintet[edit]
- Nigel Keay – one Double Bass Quintet with Contralto, Tango Suite (2002) ([8][dead link])
References[edit]
- ^ Myers, Herbert W. (2000). "When Is a Violino Not a Viola da Braccio?" The Galpin Society Journal 53, 335–39.
- ^ Parlett, David. "Catalog of music by Bax (1930-1939)". Retrieved 2007-12-20.
- ^ [1]
- ^ [2] Archived September 23, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c [3]
- ^ [4]
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-02-26. Retrieved 2016-02-06.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ Howell, Christopher (2002). "Review of ASV CDS DCA1056 & DCA925". Musicweb International. Retrieved 2020-03-05.
- ^ [5]
- ^ a b "Merton Catalog". Retrieved 2007-10-23.
- ^ "Frank Martin Worklist". Archived from the original on 2007-10-24. Retrieved 2007-10-23.
- ^ [6]
- ^ NY Public Library reference[dead link]
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